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The Lady of the Lake,
Sacred Feminine of Logres

None of the line items that are included in the following outline are meant to be links.
The outline itself represents the material that is to be covered in the upcoming book known by the above title (available after December 2026).

Foreword by Martini Fisher

  1. Introduction to The Lady of the Lake, Sacred Feminine of Logres
  2. Meaning, Origin, Existence, and Comparison: The Name “The Lady of the Lake”, Multiple “Ladies of the Lake”, and Other Similar Females
    1. Introduction to the Meaning, Origin, Existence, and Comparison: The Name “The Lady of the Lake”, Multiple “Ladies of the Lake”, and Other Similar Females
    2. Meaning and Origin of The Name “The Lady of the Lake”
      1. Introduction to Meaning and Origin of The Name “The Lady of the Lake”
      2. As Title
        1. “Lady/Dam(o)sel of the Lake”
          1. French: “Dame/Damoisele du/del Lac”
          2. Welsh: “Arglwyddes y Llyn”
          3. Cornish: “Arloedhes an Lynn”
          4. Breton: “Itron an Lenn”
          5. Italian: “Dama del Lago”
          6. Dutch: “Vrouwe van het Meer”
        2. “Mysterious Lady”
        3. “Enigmatic Faery Woman”
      3. Various Individual Names (mostly chronologically by source text)
        1. The Lady of the Lake is best known as either Nimue (Nimuë/Nimuè), or several scribal variants of Ninianne (the most primitive French form)
        2. The Lady Fairy (as an unnamed aquatic fairy queen), who cared for Lancelot in his infancy, appears in Chrétien de Troyes’ Lancelot, or Le Chevalier de la Charrete late Twelfth Century AD (c AD 1135)
        3. (Mātronā/Modron)/(Morgan le Fay)/(Queen of Maidenland)/(Lady of the Sea) appear in Lanzelet as mother of Mabuz, early Thirteenth Century AD (c AD 1200)
        4. Ninianne/Ninienue/Nymenche/Seraide/Saraïde/Saraiade/Celise/Celice appear in Lancelot Propre AD 1210s/1215/1230
          1. Nymenche is said to be derived from the Irish Niamh, as an otherworldly woman of Tír na nÓg
          2. The sorcerous damsel Seraide (Saraïde/Saraiade, Celise/Celice) rescues Lionel and Bors from King Claudas
        5. Niniane/(Ninnianne) appears in Livre d’Artus early Thirteenth Century AD (AD 1226)
        6. Uiuiane/Uinane/Ninianne/Nenive/(Suniane) appear in Vulgate LEstoire de Merlin early Thirteenth Century AD (AD 1220/1230s/1235)
        7. Viviane/Nimane/Ninianne/Ninniane/Niviane appear in Vulgate Suite du Merlin AD 1220/1230s/1235
        8. Nineve/Ninieve/Ninianne/Ninniane/Niviane appear in Post-Vulgate Suite du Merlin AD 1220/1230s/1235
        9. (A unnamed “sorcerous damosel” — who may or may not have been a “Lady of the Lake”)/Viviane/Vivienne/Niviene/Nimanne/Nivene/Nivenne/Nivienne/(Vivane/Nivian) appear in Post-Vulgate Huth Merlin AD 1230/1240
        10. Viviane appears in Bristol Merlin fragments, Thirteenth Century AD
          1. She resists his seduction with the help of a magic ring during the week Viviane and Merlin spend together
          2. (This particular text ends with Merlin reuniting with Arthur)
        11. Niniame/(Vivian/Vivien/Nimiane) appears in Arthour and Merlin late Thirteenth Century AD
          1. Marries Pelleas
          2. Beloved of Merlin, whom she tricks into revealing the secrets of his art, then encloses him in a tower of air in the Forest of Brocheliand
        12. The Fairy, as an unnamed aquatic fairy queen, who raises Lancelot in France (after the death of his father) is mentioned in Perceforest AD 1330/1344 (AD 1337)
        13. (Lady/Ladies/Dam(oy)sel(s) of the Lake)/Nymyane/Nymiane/Juaṉne/(Vivian/Vivien/Nimiane/Niniame) appear in Henry Lovelich’s Merlin c AD 1450
          1. Marries Pelleas
          2. Beloved of Merlin, whom she tricks into revealing the secrets of his art, then encloses him in a tower of air in the Forest of Brocheliand
        14. (Lady/Ladies/Dam(oy)sel(s) of the Lake)/Nimiane/Nimiame/Nimyane appear in Prose Merlin. mid Fifteenth Century AD (AD 1450/1460)
          1. Marries Pelleas
          2. Beloved of Merlin, whom she tricks into revealing the secrets of his art, then encloses him in a tower of air in the Forest of Brocheliand
        15. Lady/Dam(oy)sel of the La(i)k (as an unnamed aquatic fairy queen) appears in Lancelot of the Laik as Nurse of Launcelot. late Fifteenth Century AD (AD 1476)
        16. (Lady/Ladies/Dam(oy)sel(s) of the Lake)/Nimue/Nimuë/Nimuè appear in Thomas Malory’s (Le) Morte Darthur (Le Morte d’Arthur)
          1. Lady who gives Caliburn to Arthur
          2. Lady who is beheaded by Balyn
          3. Chief Lady of the Lake
          4. Additionally, Nyneve/Nynyve/(Nenyve/Nenive) appear in the ‘Winchester Manuscript’ AD 1469/1470/1481/1483
          5. Nymue/Nyneue/Nynyue appear in William Caxton’s edition AD 1485
        17. Niniana/Niviana appear in El Baladro del Sabio Merlin AD 1498
        18. Nymanne/Nynyane/Nyunyue appear as variations using y instead of i
        19. (Eviene/Evienne/Éviène)
        20. (Elaine/Elainne/Helaine/Heleyne)
        21. Margawse/Morgose/Morgause/Anna/(M)orc(h)ades/Sangive/(Siefe(/Anthonje))/Belisent/Gwyar
        22. Argant(e)/Argane/Margant(e)/Margan
          1. Argant(e)/Argane appear in Layamon’s Brut
          2. Margant(e)
          3. Margan
        23. Malvis
        24. Sebile (of the Castle) of the Lake (Sebile (du Chastel) du Lac) — Lady of the Lake (Dame du Lac) — Sebile of the Red Castle (Sebile du Chastel Vermei)
          1. Various spellings of her name
            • Sedile
            • Sebille
            • Sibilla
            • Sibyl
            • Sybilla
          2. An Ally of Morgan le Fay
          3. Appears in Perceforest
          4. Becomes the Wife of Alexander the Great
          5. Is an ancestor of King Arthur
        25. Miyazu-hime, the Lady of the Lake
      4. The Lake itself
        1. La(i)k
        2. Lac(h)
        3. Lais/Lays
    3. Existence of Multiple “Ladies of the Lake” (mostly by associations)
      1. Introduction to the Existence of Multiple “Ladies of the Lake”
      2. “The Lady of the Lake” as the titular name of the female ruler of “Avalon” — (Lady Lile of Avel(i)on)/(Dame L’ile d’Avilion)/(Lady (of) the Isle of Avalon)
        1. Viviane/Vivienne/Nimane/Niviene/Nimanne/Nivene/Nivenne/Nivienne/Niviane/Nymanne/Nynyane/Nyunyue/Ninianne/Ninniane/Ninieve/(Vivane/Nivian)
          1. Possibly derived from the Welsh chwyfleian/hwimleian/chwibleiana/(wanderer of pallid countenance)
          2. Misunderstood as meaning a fair wanton maiden
          3. She is sometimes referred to as Viviane del’Acqs
          4. Said to be born c AD 450
          5. Whose father is variously listed as
            • The King of Northumbria
            • The Knight Dyonas/Dionas
            • Amlawdd Wledig
            • Myrddin/Merlin
            • Or Taliesin
          6. As a daughter of the King of Northumbria
            • Viviane was born and lived in a magnificent castle
            • At the foot of a mountain in Brittany
            • As a Damosel, she is known as Damsel Huntress (Damoiselle Cacheresse)
          7. As daughter of Dyonas/Dionas
            • She is said to be the niece of the Duke of Burgundy
            • Her Fairy Godmother is said to be Diana the Huntress Goddess
            • In the time of Virgil, Diana had been a Queen of Sicily
          8. Her mother is said to be Vivianne del’Acqs, Queen of Avalon
        2. Niniane/Niniana/Niviana/Ninienue/Niniame/Nymyane/Nymiane/Nimiane/Nimyane/Nimiame/Juaṉne/Nymenche/Uiuiane/Uinane/(Ninnianne/Suniane)
          1. Possibly derived from
            • Welsh mythology’s Rhiannon
            • The 5th-century saint Ninian
            • Or The river Ninian
          2. Sometimes referred to as Niniane del’Acqs
          3. Said to be born c AD 470
          4. Her father is variously listed as
            • Amlawdd Wledig
            • Myrddin/Merlin
            • Taliesin
          5. Her mother is sometimes said to be Vivianne del’Acqs, Queen of Avalon
          6. Niniane is said to have married Aurelius Ambrosius (Emrys), The Merlin of Britain
            • More accurately Ambrosius/Emrys/Embreis Aurelianus Wledic/(G)wledig/Guletic the Younger
            • Son of Custennin/Constantin(e)/(Constantinus I) ap Selyf(an)/Salomon I, son of Urbienus/Gradlon Mawr/(The Great)
            • Born AD 439/440
            • Reigned AD 473/474 to AD 475/476 (High-King/Pendragon of Briton; Breton/Cornouaille/Kerne(v))
            • Died AD 489/490
        3. Nimue/Nimuë/Nimué/Nymue/Nynyve/Nyneue/Nyneve/Nynyue/Nenive/Nineve/(Nenyve)
          1. As Dam(o)sel/Handmaid(en)
          2. As Lady
          3. Possibly derived from Welsh mythology’s Rhiannon
        4. The Lady Fairy, who cared for Lancelot in his infancy, appears in Chrétien de Troyes’ Lancelot, or Le Chevalier de la Charrete
        5. The Fairy who raises Lancelot in France is mentioned in Perceforest
        6. Lady/Dam(oy)sel of the La(i)k as Nurse of Launcelot in Lancelot of the Laik
        7. (Morgan le Fay)/Feimurgan/Morgana/Morgue/Morgen/Morgain/Morgayne — has at least one sister who is also the Lady of the Lake
        8. Argant(e)/Argane/Margant(e)/Margan
          1. Argant(e)/Argane
          2. Margant(e)
          3. Margan
        9. The sorcerous damsel Seraide/Saraïde/Saraiade/Celise/Celice
        10. Igraine/Igrayne/Igerna/Ygerne/Eigr/Ingrene/Arnive
        11. Guinevere/Wenhaver/Wenor/Gwenhwyfar
        12. Enid(e)/Énide
        13. Kundry/Cundrie/(The Proud Damsel)/(La Demoisele Maldisant)/(Le Demoisele Sauvage)
        14. Dindraine/Dandrane/Dandrenor/Danbrann
        15. Ragnell/(The Loathly Lady)/(The Black Maiden)
        16. Margawse/Morgawse/Morgause/Morgose/Anna/(M)orc(h)ades/Sangive/(Siefe(/Anthonje))/Belisent/Gwyar — sister of Morgan le Fay
        17. Sebile of the Lake (Sebile du Lac) — Lady of the Lake (Dame du Lac) — Sebile of the Red Castle (Sebile du Chastel Vermei)
          1. Various spellings of her name
            • Sedile
            • Sebille
            • Sibilla
            • Sibyl
            • Sybilla
          2. An Ally of Morgan le Fay
          3. Appears in Perceforest
          4. Becomes the Wife of Alexander the Great
          5. Is an ancestor of King Arthur
        18. Lydore, the (wise) Fairy Queen/Goddess
        19. Miyazu-hime, the Lady of the Lake
        20. Yamato-hime/Yamatohime-no-mikoto
      3. The aquatic fairy queen who raises (and nurses) Lancelot in France (after the death of his father)
        1. The Lady Fairy, who cared for Lancelot in his infancy, appears in Chrétien de Troyes’ Lancelot, or Le Chevalier de la Charrete
        2. (Mātronā/Modron)/(Morgan le Fay)/(Queen of Maiden Land)/(Lady of the Sea), a water fairy (merfeine), appears in Lanzelet
          1. Mātronā/Modron, mother of Maponos/Mabon
          2. Morgan le Fay
          3. (Queen of Maiden Land)/(Lady of the Sea), mother of Mabuz
        3. This Lady of the Lake is mentioned in Perceforest
          1. She derives her ancestry line from the descendants of an ancient fairy named Morgane
          2. Morgane’s source of power was the Deity Zephir
        4. Lady/Dam(oy)sel of the La(i)k as Nurse of Launcelot in Lancelot of the Laik
        5. Viviane/Niniane/Nimue/Nynyve
          1. Viviane/Vivienne/Nimane/Niviene/Nimanne/Niven(n)e/Nivienne/Niviane/Nymanne/Nynyane/Nyunyue/Nin(n)ian(n)e/Ninieve
          2. Niniane/Niniana/Niviana/Ninienue/Niniame/Nymyane/Nymiane/Nimiane/Nimyane/Nimiame/Juaṉne/Nymenche/Uiuiane/Uinane
          3. Nimue/Nimuë/Nimué/Nymue/Nynyve/Nyneue/Nyneve/Nynyue/Nenive/Nineve
      4. The one who gave Arthur his sword(s)
        1. A unnamed “sorcerous damosel” (who may or may not have been a “Lady of the Lake”)
          1. Bestows the magic sword Excalibur from Avalon to Arthur
          2. She is presented as a mysterious early benefactor of King Arthur
            • Arthur is directed and led to her by Merlin
            • Granting Arthur Excalibur and its special scabbard after his original (unnamed) sword is damaged in the fight against King Pellinore
        2. Viviane/Niniane/Nimue
          1. Viviane/Vivienne/Nimane/Niviene/Nimanne/Niven(n)e/Nivienne/Niviane/Nymanne/Nynyane/Nyunyue/Nin(n)ian(n)e/Ninieve
          2. Niniane/Niniana/Niviana/Ninienue/Niniame/Nymyane/Nymiane/Nimiane/Nimyane/Nimiame/Juaṉne/Nymenche/Uiuiane/Uinane
          3. Nimue/Nimuë/Nimué/Nymue
        3. Nynyve/(Dame L’ile d’Avilion)
          1. Nynyve/Nyneue/Nyneve/Nynyue/Nenive/Nineve
          2. (Dame L’ile d’Avilion)/(Lady Lile of Avilion)/(Lady Lile of Avel(i)on)/(Lady Lile of Avalon)/(Lady (of) the Isle of Avalon)
      5. The one who imprisons (enchants) Merlin
        1. Viviane/Vivienne/Nimane/Niviene/Nimanne/Niven(n)e/Nivienne/Niviane/Nymanne/Nynyane/Nyunyue/Nin(n)ian(n)e/Ninieve
        2. Niniane/Niniana/Niviana/Ninienue/Niniame/Nymyane/Nymiane/Nimiane/Nimyane/Nimiame/Juaṉne/Nymenche/Uiuiane/Uinane
        3. Nimue/Nimuë/Nimué/Nymue, as Merlin’s nemesis/replacement
      6. Those magical women who are on their ship to bear away the mortally wounded Arthur
        1. Nimuë/Nimue(h), Chief Lady of the Lake
        2. Queen Morgan le Fay
          1. In the Vulgate Cycle, King Arthur dies and is buried
          2. After his sister (Morgan the Fay) and at least two other women take him by boat
          3. To the Black Chapel
          4. Where on a “very splendid and rich tomb was written:
            • Here lies King Arthur
            • Who through His Valour
            • Conquered Twelve Kingdoms
        3. The Queen of Norgales/Northgalis
        4. The Queen of the Waste Lands
      7. The fairy who heals Arthur in Avalon
        1. Queen Morgan le Fay
        2. Silver Fairy Queen Argant(e)/Argane, the Fair (an elf most fair)
        3. Margant(e)
        4. Margan, Dwywes o Annwfyn (Margan, (a) Goddess of/from Annwn)
          1. In a manuscript, the bards of Ynys Prydein and its storytellers used to imagine
          2. It was her who had hidden (concealed) Arthur in Ynys/Ynis Afallach/Avallach (the Isle of Apples) to heal him of his wounds
          3. When his body became whole, “he would return again to the Brytanyeit to defend them as was his wont”
    4. Comparison of Other Similar Females to “The Lady of the Lake”
      1. Introduction to the Comparison of Similar Females to “The Lady of the Lake”
      2. Ladies of the Fountains
        1. Introduction to the Ladies of the Fountains
        2. The Lady/Countess of the Fountain
          1. Laudine
          2. Wife of the Lord of the Fountain
          3. Eventually marries Sir Owain/Owein after he slays her husband
        3. (The Lady Lile of Avalon)/(La Dame Gauloise/(Riche et Poissans))
          1. A lady who admired Lancelot; Guerrehes/Gaheris met her by a fountain
          2. The second of the ladies whom Guerrehes/Gaheris met by the fountain
          3. The third of the ladies whom Guerrehes/Gaheris met by the fountain
          4. Whom Gawain found
            • Lamenting in a pavilion
            • Near the Miraculous Fountain
            • She deceived him
          5. A lady who recognises Lancelot
            • After the tournament between the King of Norgales and Baudemagus/Bagdemagus
            • At whose castle Lancelot stays
            • She promised to show him “la plus bele riens”
            • Conducts Lancelot to Corbenic/Carbone(c)k
      3. Ladies of the Waters
        1. Introduction to Ladies of the Waters
        2. Mermaids
          1. Introduction to Mermaids
          2. Mélusine/Melusine
          3. (Lí Ban)/Liban/(beauty + of women; paragon of women)/Muirg(h)e(i)n
      4. Maiden(s)/Virgin(s) (of the)/(associated with) (a) (Sacred) Well(s)/Spring(s)
        1. Dam(o)sels/Nymphs/Fairies whom King Ama(n)gon(s)/Amaugon and his male retainers wronged
        2. Associated with Goddess Queen Boann of Ireland
        3. Lady Kunneware/Kan-rune/(rune of the dragon)
      5. Tylwyth Teg (Fair Family, or Fair Folk) — Bendith y Mamau (Blessing of Mothers)
        1. Ellyllon (singular: Ellyll)
          1. Fiend, Ghost, Goblin, Elf, Other-Self
          2. Tiny diaphanous creatures from the Fairy World
          3. Said to be guardians to the Lady of the Lake
          4. Inhabit groves and valleys
          5. Are similar to English Elves (closest counterpart to Teutonic Elf)
          6. Their food consists of Toadstools and Fairy Butter (a type of fungus)
          7. Wear Digitalis Bell Flowers as gloves
          8. They are ruled by Queen Mab
          9. Bring prosperity to those they favour
        2. Coblynau (singular: Coblyn)
          1. Goblin or Elf
          2. Gnome-like Creature
          3. Fairies and Spirits of Mines and Quarries
          4. Akin to Cornish Knockers
        3. Bwbachod (singular: Bwbach)
          1. “Little Scare”
          2. Household Fairies
          3. Similar to Brownies and Hobgoblins
        4. Gwyll(i)on (singular: Gwyll — (Yr) Wyll)
          1. Demon
          2. Twilight/Gloaming Ghosts/Spirits
          3. Night-Wanderers (Human or Supernatural) up to No Good
          4. Outlaws of the Wild
          5. Fairies and Spirits of Mountains
          6. Akin to Hags
        5. Gwragedd Annwn (singular: Gwraig Annwn)
          1. Woman/Wife of Otherworld
          2. Lake Maidens
          3. Female Fairies of Lakes and Streams
          4. Dames of the Lower Region
          5. Dames of Elfin Land
          6. Wives of the Lower World
      6. Ganieda/Gwenddydd — Sister of Myrddin/Merlin
      7. Gwendoloena/Guendoloena/Coventina/Covienna — Wife of Myrddin/Merlin
      8. Coventina/Covienna/Co(-)vianna/Vi-Vianna
      9. Diana/Dyan(n)e/(Diana Nemorensis)
        1. Roman Goddess of the Hunt and of Nature
        2. Spiritual Descent from Whom is Explicitly Stated within the French Prose Narratives
      10. Limnatis Artemis
      11. Egeria
      12. Dea Latis
      13. Rhiannon
        1. Rīgantonā/(Rīgantona/Riga(n)tona)/(rīgan(i) + (t)on = queen + divine/augmented = ‘great queen’)
        2. Daughter of Heuedd/Hefeydd Hen/(the Old)
      14. Arianrhod, daughter of Beli Mawr and Dôn verch/ferch Mathonwy
      15. Niamh
      16. Epona
      17. Elaine of Garlot
      18. Domnu
      19. Scáthach/(shadow)/Scat(h)ach/Sgàthach/(mirror) (an Eilean Sgitheanach)/(of the Isle of Skye)
      20. Mneme/Mnemosyne/Minerva
        1. Μνήμη/Mnḗmē
        2. Mnēmē/(remembrance, memory)
        3. Menos/(thought)/menes-ueh/(provided with a mind, intelligent)/meneswo/(intelligent, understanding)
      21. Mari
        1. (Mari (Urraca))/(Anbotoko Mari)/(Lady of Anboto)/(Murumendiko Dama)/(Lady of Murumendi)
        2. Mari(ana)
        3. (Mari)Amman
      22. Grendel’s mother
      23. Satanaya/(Lady Satana) — The Mother of a Hundred Sons
      24. The Navky
      25. ?Macha?
  3. Descriptions and Attributes of “The Lady of the Lake”
    1. Appears as a beautiful, mysterious, dignified woman
    2. Pragmatic, calm, and knowledgeable
    3. Plays a pivotal role in many stories
    4. Positive Traits
      1. A generally beneficent enchantress who acts as a basically recognisable force for good
      2. A mysterious, almost angelic benefactress of Arthur and his court
      3. Compassionate, clever, strong willed, and sympathetic; especially to Arthur
      4. Heavily stresses justice based on the greater good
      5. Helps knights and damsels alike
    5. Negative Traits
      1. Generally characterized as wicked and evil
      2. A villainess and temptress
  4. Her Watery Court/Castle/Realm
    1. Form and Features of Location — “Celtic” Otherworld
      1. In a lake — The Lake
        1. An otherworldly enchanted realm, the entry to which is disguised as an illusion of a lake, as described in the Vulgate Cycle
        2. The Post-Vulgate notes it as Merlin’s work
      2. On an island — Avalon
      3. In a mysterious land that may be in a lake and/or on an island — Maiden Land (Meide Lant)
      4. As described by Merlin: “within that lake is a rock, and therein is a fair place as any on earth, and richly beseen”
    2. Possible locales for “The Lake”
      1. Britain
        1. Caer Lleon/Ca(e)rl(l)ion/City of Legions
          1. Isca Silurum/Camu-lôt/Caerleon(-on-Usk)
          2. Caerleon-upon-Dee/Chester (upon the Dee)
        2. Llyn Llydaw
        3. Llyn Ogwen
        4. Llyn y Fan Fach (near Myddfai)
        5. Llyn Cerrig Bach
        6. Berth Pool
        7. Dozmary Pool
        8. The Loe
        9. Pomparles Bridge
        10. Martin Mere
        11. Blake Mere Pool
        12. Loch Arthur
      2. France
        1. Benoye
        2. (l’)Étang de Comper
          1. The Lake of Comper
          2. In Forêt de Brocéliande (Forest of Brocéliande)
        3. The Lake of Diana
          1. In Brittany
          2. Containing an invisible island
      3. Belgium — Aleines Stream
      4. Italy
        1. Pergusa Lake, in Sicily
        2. Lake Nemi, in the Lazio region
  5. Occurrences of “Lady of the Lake” (by various names and descriptions) in Related “Literature”
    1. de Troyes, Chrétien. Lancelot, or Le Chevalier de la Charrete (Lancelot, or The Knight of the Cart). late Twelfth Century AD (c AD 1135).
    2. Layamon. Brut (Brutus, or The Chronicle of Britain). late Twelfth/mid Thirteenth Century AD (AD 1209/1215).
    3. von Zatzikhoven, Ulrich. Lanzelet (Lanzalet in French and Spanish; Lancelot in English). early Thirteenth Century AD (c AD 1200).
    4. Lancelot do Lac (Lancelot of the Lake). AD 1215/1220.
    5. Vulgate Lancelot Propre (Lancelot Proper). AD 1210s/1215/1230.
    6. Le Livre d’Artus (The Book of Arthur). early Thirteenth Century AD.
    7. LEstoire de Merlin (The History of Merlin). early Thirteenth Century AD (AD 1220/1230s/1235).
    8. Vulgate/Post-Vulgate Suite du Merlin (Story of Merlin). AD 1220/1230s/1235.
    9. Post-Vulgate Huth-Merlin (Continuation of Merlin, or The Merlin Continuation). AD 1230/1240.
    10. Owain, neu (Chwedyl) Iarlles y Ffynnon/Ffynnawn (Owain, or the (Legendary) Lady of the Fountain). Thirteenth Century AD.
    11. Bristol Merlin fragments. Thirteenth Century AD.
    12. de Gat, Luce and Helie de Boron. Tristan en prose (Prose Tristan). AD 1225-1235, second half of Thirteenth Century AD (AD 1276).
    13. d’Irlande, Richart. Les Prophecies de Merlin. (The Prophecies of Merlin). AD 1272/1279.
    14. Arthour and Merlin (Arthur and Merlin). late Thirteenth Century AD.
    15. Pieri, Paolino. La Storia di Merlino (The Story of Merlin). c AD 1300/1305.
    16. La Tavola Ritonda (The Round Table). AD 1325/1350.
    17. Perceforest (Pierce the Forest). AD 1330/1344.
               (The most complete of the four manuscripts known is “Manuscript C”.)
               (It was written by David Aubert, c AD 1459/1460; for Duc Philippe de Bourgogne le Bon.)
    18. Lovelich, Henry. Merlin. c AD 1450.
    19. Prose Merlin. mid Fifteenth Century AD (AD 1450/1460).
    20. Malory, Syr Thomas. (Le) Morte Darthur (The Death of Arthur, or, as originally titled, The Whole Book of King Arthur and His Noble Knights of the Round Table).
               This ‘Winchester Manuscript’ was published AD 1469/1470/1481/1483.
    21. Lancelot of the Laik (Lancelot of the Lake). late Fifteenth Century AD.
    22. Vita di Merlino con le Sue Profetie (The Life of Merlin, with His Prophecies). c AD 1480.
    23. Malory, Sir Thomas. Le Morte d’Arthur (The Death of Arthur). Printed by William Caxton in AD 1485.
    24. Vivas, Brother Juan, ed. El Baladro del Sabio Merlin (The Ballad/Cry/Shriek of the Wise/Sage Merlin) AD 1498. Published by Juan de Burgos on 10 February 1498.
  6. Astrological Signs Associated with The Lady of the Lake
    1. Cancer — Moon-/+ — Water
    2. Pisces — Jupiter- — Water
    3. Libra — Venus+ — Air
    4. Virgo — Mercury- — Earth
  7. Geography, Genealogy, and Timeline of The Lady of the Lake
    1. Geography of The Lady of the Lake
    2. Genealogy of The Lady of the Lake
    3. Timeline of The Lady of the Lake
Afterword by ?

“There is more of Rome*, than of Romance, about Arthuriana”Glyn Hnutu-healh
 
*and Achaea, Akkad, Alans, Anglia, Arameans, Armorica, Assyria, Babylon, Briton, Cambria, Canaan, Cornwall, Crete, Cumbria, Dalriada, Domnonia, Egypt,
Etruscans, ExtraTerrestrials, France, Frisia, Gaul, Greece, Hindavi, Hittites, Huns, Hurrians, Idubor, Ireland, Judaea, Jutland, Lydia, Macedonia,
Mesopotamia, Mycenaea, Narts, Norse, Persia, Phoenicia, Phrygia, Picts, Saxony, Scotland, Semites, Sumer, Ugarit, and Wales — to name a few

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